The impact of overshooting deep convection on local transport and mixing in the tropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS)

Year: 2015

Authors: Frey W., Schofield R., Hoor P., Kunkel D., Ravegnani F., Ulanovsky A., Viciani S., D’Amato F., Lane
T.P.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, D-55122 Mainz, Germany; ISAC CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy; Cent Aerol Observ, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia; CNR INO Natl Inst Opt, Florence, Italy.

Abstract: In this study we examine the simulated downward transport and mixing of stratospheric air into the upper tropical troposphere as observed on a research flight during the SCOUT-O3 campaign in connection with a deep convective system. We use the Advanced Research Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model with a horizontal resolution of 333m to examine this downward transport. The simulation reproduces the deep convective system, its timing and overshooting altitudes reasonably well compared to radar and aircraft observations. Passive tracers initialised at pre-storm times indicate the downward transport of air from the stratosphere to the upper troposphere as well as upward transport from the boundary layer into the cloud anvils and overshooting tops. For example, a passive ozone tracer (i.e. a tracer not undergoing chemical processing) shows an enhancement in the upper troposphere of up to about 30 ppbv locally in the cloud, while the in situ measurements show an increase of 50 ppbv. However, the passive carbon monoxide tracer exhibits an increase, while the observations show a decrease of about 10 ppbv, indicative of an erroneous model representation of the transport processes in the tropical tropopause layer. Furthermore, it could point to insufficient entrainment and detrainment in the model. The simulation shows a general moistening of air in the lower stratosphere, but it also exhibits local dehydration features. Here we use the model to explain the processes causing the transport and also expose areas of inconsistencies between the model and observations.

Journal/Review:

Volume: 15 (11)      Pages from: 6467  to: 6486

More Information: W. Frey is supported by the DFG Research Fellowship \”Tropical High Altitude Clouds and their Impact on Stratospheric Humidity\” (FR 3325/1-1). The work was supported by the ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (CE110001028). This research was undertaken with the assistance of resources from the National Computational Infrastructure (NCI), which is supported by the Australian Government. We greatly acknowledge the ECMWF for providing meteorological data and G. Vaughan is acknowledged for providing the ACTIVE ozonesonde data. For helpful discussion we thank M. von Hobe from the research centre in Julich, Germany. Special thanks to the entire Geophysica crew and the local authorities in Darwin for their excellent collaboration during the campaign. The SCOUT-O3 project was funded by the European Commission (GOCE-CT-2004-505390).
KeyWords: atmospheric convection; atmospheric modeling; atmospheric transport; convective system; dehydration; entrainment; mixing; stratosphere; tracer; troposphere
DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-6467-2015

ImpactFactor: 5.114
Citations: 38
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