Dynamical deconfinement transition driven by density of excitations

Year: 2025

Authors: Ranabhat N., Santini A., Tirrito E., Collura M.

Autors Affiliation: SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy; Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Str Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy; Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR INO, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; INFN, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.

Abstract: We investigate the dynamical deconfinement transition driven by excitations in a long-range Ising model. At low temperatures, spatially separated pairs of domain wall kinks are bound by the confining potential and exhibit uncorrelated Bloch oscillations in time. This picture is analogous to bound mesons in quark confinement. As the temperature increases, the meson picture breaks down as the domain wall kinks in proximity interact and disperse, leading to an extended deconfined regime. In this paper, we characterize the deconfinement transition with signatures observed in the average density of domain wall kinks and nonequilibrium changes in its fluctuation. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms of confinement and deconfinement in long-range spin models, thus opening avenues for further exploration and experimental verification.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Volume: 111 (2)      Pages from: 24304-1  to: 24304-7

More Information: We acknowledge discussion with Guido Pagano regarding the experimental realization of our work in a trapped-ion plat-form. We also acknowledge Alvise Bastianello and Alessio Lerose for fruitful discussion regarding the theoretical as-pects of confinement and thermalization. E.T. acknowledges support from the MIUR Programme FARE (MEPH) , and from QUANTERA DYNAMITE PCI2022-132919. M.C. ac-knowledges support from the PNRR MUR Project No. PE0000023-NQSTI and by the PRIN 2022 (2022R35ZBF) -PE2-ManyQLowD.
KeyWords: Quantum; Systems
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.111.024304